What once were considered innovative
capabilities are becoming core business skills.
One of the closest neighbours
to INSEAD’s Asia Campus in Singapore is a nine-story glass-clad structure that
may seem strangely familiar to Star Wars fans. It’s shaped
like, and named after, the Sandcrawler mobile fortress featured in the original
movie trilogy. This is where Lucasfilm and its parent company Disney have their
Southeast Asia headquarters.
Earlier this year, Disney SE
Asia executives made the short trek over to the campus to take part in a
collaboration with INSEAD MBA students and exchange design students from the
Art Center College of Design in Pasadena, CA. Under the direction of Manuel
Sosa, INSEAD Associate Professor of Technology and Operations Management, the
collaboration—the first of its kind for all three participants—sought to
reproduce in a campus environment the real-world conditions that enable
innovation. Students worked in the manner of a design start-up, whose “client”
happened to be one of the biggest brands on earth. The Art Center contingent
was specially selected by their chair of product design Karen Hofmann, champion
of the collaboration with INSEAD, for their deep design innovation and team
skills. Disney’s challenge was wide open: Develop a new product, service, or
experience concept as part of the brand’s expansion into new Asian markets. The
interdisciplinary teams of MBAs and designers were given just four weeks to wow
the executives with their creations.
Gestating an Innovation
Culture
INSEAD’s partnership with the
Art Center began over a decade ago, but bringing in Disney represented a
deepening of the relationship between the two schools. “We wanted to push it to
the next level, by creating the learning opportunities for our students to
experience the value of putting creative thinking in action,” Sosa says. “This
makes the exercise a lot more realistic. When you are creating something new
for a brand, you have stakeholders within the brand who will determine whether
the ideas have potential.”
The raised stakes demanded a
new approach based in Sosa’s conviction that “bringing
design in the house” can be a transformative catalyst for an
entire organisational culture, not just a boon to innovation teams. He cites
the recent history of companies such as Belkin
International to illustrate how designers can be creative
role models for leaders locked into a familiar way of doing things. If business
schools want to prepare their graduates to join this new breed of innovative
companies, introducing students to “design thinking” may not be enough.
B-schools may need their own homegrown innovation hubs. “We were behaving like
a small design firm. We needed to create our own culture while creating these
new product/service concepts for Disney,” Sosa says.
Sosa and the students toyed
with the physical classroom environment, creating a workspace unlike anyplace
else on the campus. Orderly rows were replaced by cluster seating to facilitate
close collaboration; whiteboards on wheels were on hand to aid in
brainstorming. Legos and bean bag chairs, among many other playful touches,
encouraged an atmosphere of childlike creativity. (The uniqueness of this work
environment, and of the collaboration generally, was captured in a two-minute
video aired on Channel News Asia.)
Teams took turns being cultural
stewards by adding something new to the space each week. MBA student Angela Ang
recalls, “One week there was an installation of toilet paper that read ‘Don’t
Be Afraid To Have Shitty Ideas.’” Elsewhere in the space, Disney-inspired
photocollages and images of Disney characters gave a sense of full-on immersion
in the brand’s core values.
INSEAD and Art Center
students in their unique workspace.
Values That Travel
From the outset, the brand was
adamant that it wouldn’t be enough to put an image of a Disney character on a
cool new product. Disney wanted a truly innovative solution that would
organically extend its core brand values into a specific Asian market. Students
would have mere days to choose a target market and complete customer insighting.
“Asia is a wonderfully diverse landscape,” says Disney SE Asia’s managing
director Robert Gilby. “It’s important not to assume there is one
Asia…Localisation to us is customisation. It’s speaking to customers within
their own culture, not just language but in values relevant to their society.
Most of Disney’s core values, because they are so positive, will travel across
diverse markets.”
With the Art Center designers
leading the way, the teams embarked upon a rapid ideating process that pushed
the MBAs out of their comfort zone. Led by their business background to believe
there was only one right answer to a problem, some struggled to let unrefined
or unworkable ideas out into the world. “I guess that’s how you approach it
when you’re an entrepreneur,” Ang says. “You birth one idea and you’re
super-passionate about it as opposed to coming up with 20 ideas or 80 ideas.”
Ang says her team ultimately compiled a spreadsheet with 77 basic concepts,
including consumer products, mobile apps, even a television show – then voted
on the top five ideas to present to Disney.
Let Me Re-Iterate
Art Center student India
Hillis, who was on the same team as Ang, says, “A lot of the teams felt
strongly about one idea, but Disney might say that the idea wouldn’t work well
with the brand or would suggest combining two ideas.” In the end, the simplest
idea in Hillis and Ang’s spreadsheet was the one Disney liked best. Through
iteration, the team continued to simplify the concept, shedding unnecessary
features as they moved toward the final pitch.
Gilby believes that the
iteration phase—where ideas may repeatedly cycle through various testing and
evaluation stages—is largely where both the magic and the discipline of design
come in. Iteration has been at the heart of Disney’s creative process since the
beginning, he says. “One of my creative partners says, ‘Creativity and
innovation: put them together, you get “creation”. We saw the students go
through that process.”
Creative Tension
Ang and Hillis agree that
learning to work alongside people from such a vastly different background was a
rewarding experience, but not without challenges. “Designers would find
themselves explaining something to the MBAs, and you would feel that you
shouldn’t have to explain it. It should be obvious,” says Hillis. “But then ten
seconds later, it would be the opposite. MBAs would feel like, ‘Why aren’t you
guys just getting it?’”
Fairly quickly, though, the two
camps found common ground, according to Ang. “[Designers and MBAs] are all very
driven and very competitive. In some sense, I felt the designers were even more
competitive than we were!”
By the final pitches, Gilby
says that the teams worked together so smoothly that he would not have been
able to tell which school the students came from. “It was really attractive how
they came together as teams…The pitches were just fantastic – it was more like
being in a Disney boardroom than being in a university.”
Final Analysis
The realism of the INSEAD/Art
Center/Disney collaboration may have made it a prime example of the “two-sided
innovation” called for by author Mark Payne in his 2014 book How to
Kill a Unicorn. Payne asserts that design thinking cannot realise its
potential without a solid underpinning of business strategy. The left and right
sides of the brain must be working in tandem from the beginning, or as Payne
terms it, “designing the consumer proposition and the business proposition at
the same time.” This is one key way organisations can address unprecedented
business problems such as the one posed by Disney SE Asia.
If the dreams of designers
could use a B-school reality check, the business world may increasingly need
the human touch creatives possess. “In the past, people may have attributed
these areas to softer skills, but these are core skills,” Gilby says. “The
world is becoming increasingly complex, ambiguous, uncertain and volatile.
Standing out requires really compelling stories.” And as Sosa puts it,
“creating such compelling stories requires the successful integration of
creative and business thinking.”